Who is responsible for conducting the background check when transferring a firearm in Rhode Island?

When transferring a firearm in Rhode Island, the responsibility for conducting the background check falls on the local police department. This is in accordance with Rhode Island state law, which mandates that all firearm transfers must undergo a background check to ensure that the recipient is eligible to possess a firearm. The local police department plays a crucial role in this process by conducting the necessary checks to verify the recipient's eligibility and ensure that the transfer complies with all state regulations.

Option A is incorrect because while the Rhode Island State Police play a role in enforcing firearms laws in the state, they are not responsible for conducting background checks during firearm transfers.

Option B is incorrect because the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is responsible for conducting background checks for firearm transfers at the federal level, such as those involving licensed firearm dealers, but not for transfers within the state of Rhode Island.

Option D is incorrect because the Department of Homeland Security is not typically involved in background checks for firearm transfers; their focus is primarily on matters related to national security and homeland defense.